材料科学
阴极
热解
硫黄
化学工程
纳米技术
球体
聚合物
表面能
碳纤维
封装(网络)
复合材料
复合数
物理
冶金
化学
物理化学
工程类
计算机科学
计算机网络
天文
作者
Luhua Zhang,Bin He,Wen‐Cui Li,An‐Hui Lu
标识
DOI:10.1002/aenm.201701518
摘要
Abstract Carbon microcapsules with a large interior cavity and porous shell are ideal hosts for guest species, while to maximize in‐cavity volume has always been a challenge. Herein, a surface free energy‐induced assembly approach is proposed for synthesis of multicavity carbon spheres (MCC). When used as a host for lithium–sulfur cathodes, MCC are fully accessible for sulfur—with high level in‐cavity encapsulation ability of grid‐like cavities. The crucial point for this assembly approach is the employment of small sized nanoemulsions with high homogeneity as primary building blocks. Spontaneous aggregation and assembly of substructural units are processing in following hydrothermal synthesis induced by reduction of surface free energy of system. As a result, multicavity structure is formed, where the size and number of cavities can be modulated by changing size of nanoemulsion and concentration of polymer. Confined pyrolysis enables to further enlarge cavity size compared to regular pyrolysis. The carbon–sulfur cathode exhibits excellent cycling stability and rate performance, i.e., high capacity of 943 and 869 mA h g −1 after 200 cycles at current density of 0.5 and 2.0 C. The strategy has paved the way for custom‐ordered synthesis of nanostructured carbon with keen demands in high loading capacity of guest species.
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