First Report of Tomato spotted wilt virus in Humulus japonicus in Korea

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 102, No. 3First Report of Tomato spotted wilt virus in Humulus japonicus in Korea PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Tomato spotted wilt virus in Humulus japonicus in KoreaJ. Y. Yoon, G. S. Choi, S. W. Jang, S. H. Park, and S.-K. ChoiJ. Y. YoonSearch for more papers by this author, G. S. ChoiSearch for more papers by this author, S. W. JangSearch for more papers by this author, S. H. ParkSearch for more papers by this author, and S.-K. Choi†Corresponding author: S.-K. Choi; E-mail: E-mail Address: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations J. Y. Yoon , Virology Unit, Department of Horticultural Environment, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea G. S. Choi , Department of Technique Support, NIHHS, RDA, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea S. W. Jang S. H. Park S.-K. Choi † , Department of Vegetable Research, NIHHS, RDA, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea. Published Online:19 Jan 2018https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-17-1091-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Humulus japonicus (family Cannabaceae), known as wild hop, is a twining or prostrate vine that grows in wastelands, forest margins, and thickets along streams in Korea. In July 2016, virus-like symptoms, including mosaic and yellow ring spots on leaves, were observed in H. japonicus in Eum-Sung, Korea. To identify a causal virus, four symptomatic leaf samples of H. japonicus plants were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in leaf dip preparations. Tospovirus-like particles (about 80 to 100 nm in diameter) were observed from all the samples of H. japonicus plants. To confirm the TEM result, the symptomatic leaf samples were further analyzed using double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA kits (Agdia, Elkhart, IN) for the presence of potyviruses, Cucumber mosaic virus, and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). A positive control and a negative control (leaves of a healthy H. japonicus plant) were used. DAS-ELISA clearly showed that TSWV was only detected serologically from the naturally infected H. japonicus plants. Infection of TSWV in the symptomatic H. japonicus plants was further confirmed by a TSWV-Immunostrip kit (Agdia). To fulfill Koch’s postulates, TSWV was mechanically transmitted from the ELISA-positive H. japonicus to Capsicum annuum and Nicotiana glutinosa. Inoculated C. annuum showed chlorotic rings in the inoculated leaves and inoculated N. glutinosa produced mosaic and systemic necrosis in the inoculated leaves 7 days after inoculation. Subsequently, four virus-free H. japonicus plants inoculated mechanically by sap from local lesions on N. glutinosa showed identical symptoms to the observed symptomatic H. japonicus 14 days postinoculation, and TSWV was detected from the inoculated H. japonicus. Meanwhile, two mock-inoculated H. japonicus plants remained symptomless and virus-free. To confirm further the presence of TSWV, reverse transcription PCR products were synthesized for L, M, and S RNA segments using Tospovirus-specific primers and TSWV-specific primers (Batuman et al. 2014). The expected fragments of 445, 868, and 777 bp were amplified and sequenced. Also, the complete genome sequences of TSWV from a symptomatic H. japonicus plant were determined using TSWV-specific primers (Choi et al. 2014; Lian et al. 2013). The complete genome sequences have been deposited to GenBank (LC273305, LC273306, and LC273307). The sequences of each fragment were identical to a consensus sequence, showing 98, 99, and 99% identity with TSWV-L, M, and S RNA (AKC94841, AIY28460, and AQS599539), respectively. These results clearly showed that the results of DAS-ELISA and the TSWV-Immunostrip kit were not owing to interspecies cross-reactivity of the virus-specific antibodies. The results of sequence comparisons showed no reassortment between TSWV and another tospovirus. Taken together, a strain of TSWV is the causal agent in the diseased H. japonicus plants. This report suggests that H. japonicus plays a role in TSWV reservoir because the plant species is considered a weed in Korea. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TSWV in H. japonicus in Korea.References:Batuman, O., et al. 2014. Plant Dis. 98:286. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-13-0685-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarChoi, S. K., et al. 2014. Plant Dis. 98:1283. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-14-0173-PDN Google ScholarLian, S., et al. 2013. PLoS One 8:e63380. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063380 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarFunding was provided by Basic Research Programs of NIHHS, RDA (grant no. PJ010247).DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 102, No. 3 March 2018SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 19 Feb 2018Published: 19 Jan 2018First Look: 14 Nov 2017Accepted: 7 Nov 2017 Page: 690 Information© 2018 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byElectron microscopic methods for virus diagnosisTomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt)CABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumColletotrichum fioriniae Infecting Invasive Japanese Hop (Humulus scandens) in the United StatesReid D. Frederick, Craig Cavin, Jami L. Thomas, William L. Bruckart, and Matthew A. 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