辐射冷却
蒸发冷却器
辐射冷却
聚光镜(光学)
环境科学
水冷
被动冷却
冷却塔
主动冷却
气象学
热流密度
传热
大气科学
核工程
天空
机械
热力学
物理
工程类
光源
光学
作者
Eli A. Goldstein,Aaswath Raman,Shanhui Fan
出处
期刊:Nature Energy
[Springer Nature]
日期:2017-09-04
卷期号:2 (9)
被引量:362
标识
DOI:10.1038/nenergy.2017.143
摘要
Cooling systems consume 15% of electricity generated globally and account for 10% of global greenhouse gas emissions. With demand for cooling expected to grow tenfold by 2050, improving the efficiency of cooling systems is a critical part of the twenty-first-century energy challenge. Building upon recent demonstrations of daytime radiative sky cooling, here we demonstrate fluid cooling panels that harness radiative sky cooling to cool fluids below the air temperature with zero evaporative losses, and use almost no electricity. Over three days of testing, we show that the panels cool water up to 5 ∘C below the ambient air temperature at water flow rates of 0.2 l min−1 m−2, corresponding to an effective heat rejection flux of up to 70 W m−2. We further show through modelling that, when integrated on the condenser side of the cooling system of a two-storey office building in a hot dry climate (Las Vegas, USA), electricity consumption for cooling during the summer could be reduced by 21% (14.3 MWh). Radiative sky cooling passively rejects heat from a surface out into space via an atmospheric transparency window, enabling sub-ambient cooling. Goldstein et al. exploit this to show daytime cooling of water by up to 5 ∘C below ambient temperature, equivalent to a heat rejection flux of 70 Wm−2.
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