Maltooligosaccharide-forming amylase: Characteristics, preparation, and application

As member of glycosyl hydrolase family 13, maltooligosaccharide-forming amylases (MFAses) are specific and interesting because of their capacity to hydrolyze starch into functional maltooligosaccharides, which are usually composed of 2–10 α-d-glucopyranosyl units linked by α-1,4 glycosidic linkages. MFAses have been extensively studied during recent decades, and have shown promise in various industrial applications. This review begins by introducing the potential uses of maltooligosaccharides. Then it describes the progress in the identification, assay, action pattern, structure, and modification of MFAses. The review continues with tips concerning the preparation of MFAses, which aim to improve MFAse production to meet the needs of industry. Finally, the industrial uses of MFAses are described, focusing on the production of maltooligosaccharides and application in the bread industry. Recent progress has demonstrated that the MFAses are poised to become important industrial catalysts.