Executive functions as moderators of the worked example effect: When shifting is more important than working memory capacity.

心理学 工作记忆 执行职能 认知心理学 短时记忆 认知 发展心理学 神经科学
作者
Matthias Schwaighofer,Markus Bühner,Frank Fischer
出处
期刊:Journal of Educational Psychology [American Psychological Association]
卷期号:108 (7): 982-1000 被引量:13
标识
DOI:10.1037/edu0000115
摘要

Worked examples have proven to be effective for knowledge acquisition compared with problem solving, particularly when prior knowledge is low (e.g., Kalyuga, 2007). However, in addition to prior knowledge, executive functions and fluid intelligence might be potential moderators of the effectiveness of worked examples. The present study examines the roles of the executive functions of working memory capacity and shifting, as well as the role of fluid intelligence for knowledge acquisition in the presence or absence of worked examples. Seventy-six university students learned to solve statistical problems either with worked examples or through problem solving (the absence of worked examples). Results showed that shifting and fluid intelligence, but not prior knowledge and working memory capacity, moderated the effect of the presence of worked examples on knowledge acquisition. The higher the shifting ability and fluid intelligence were, the lower was the benefit of worked examples compared with problem solving. Learning environments did not differ with respect to cognitive load, and cognitive load was not correlated with working memory capacity, but it was correlated with fluid intelligence. These findings suggest that other important cognitive functions, such as shifting and fluid intelligence, might be more important than prior knowledge or working memory when worked examples are compared with problem solving. Future research can further examine whether the relative contribution of the different functions is likely to depend on the characteristics of the respective tasks—that is, whether a task puts a high or low demand on these cognitive functions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
PDF的下载单位、IP信息已删除 (2025-6-4)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
刚刚
1秒前
1秒前
小蘑菇应助钱宇成采纳,获得10
2秒前
wldsd发布了新的文献求助30
5秒前
充电宝应助王羊补牢采纳,获得10
8秒前
科研通AI2S应助酷酷飞烟采纳,获得10
8秒前
meng发布了新的文献求助30
9秒前
9秒前
完美小蘑菇完成签到,获得积分10
9秒前
兰是一个信仰完成签到,获得积分10
9秒前
潇湘雪月发布了新的文献求助10
12秒前
YJ888发布了新的文献求助10
12秒前
azusa完成签到,获得积分10
16秒前
昔年若许完成签到,获得积分10
23秒前
26秒前
27秒前
29秒前
高手发布了新的文献求助10
29秒前
善学以致用应助1WSQARFGRDSX采纳,获得10
30秒前
ZZZ完成签到,获得积分10
31秒前
ZZZ发布了新的文献求助10
33秒前
一一完成签到 ,获得积分10
33秒前
hp发布了新的文献求助10
35秒前
36秒前
姚世娇完成签到 ,获得积分10
38秒前
FashionBoy应助高手采纳,获得10
39秒前
meng完成签到,获得积分10
40秒前
chennn完成签到,获得积分10
40秒前
42秒前
43秒前
晗月完成签到,获得积分10
43秒前
情怀应助如意枫叶采纳,获得10
44秒前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
46秒前
Akim应助SS采纳,获得10
47秒前
张雷应助清新的夜蕾采纳,获得20
47秒前
chennn发布了新的文献求助10
47秒前
罗一完成签到,获得积分10
49秒前
51秒前
丘比特应助wu采纳,获得10
54秒前
高分求助中
A new approach to the extrapolation of accelerated life test data 1000
ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 12th edition 500
‘Unruly’ Children: Historical Fieldnotes and Learning Morality in a Taiwan Village (New Departures in Anthropology) 400
Indomethacinのヒトにおける経皮吸収 400
Phylogenetic study of the order Polydesmida (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) 370
基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术泄漏气体检测系统的研究 350
Robot-supported joining of reinforcement textiles with one-sided sewing heads 320
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 冶金 细胞生物学 免疫学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3989242
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3531393
关于积分的说明 11253753
捐赠科研通 3270010
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1804868
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 882084
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 809136