Artificial intelligence and augmented reality for guided implant surgery planning: A proof of concept

To present a novel protocol for authentic three-dimensional (3D) planning of dental implants, using artificial intelligence (AI) and augmented reality (AR).The novel protocol consists of (1) 3D data acquisition, with an intraoral scanner (IOS) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT); (2) application of AI for CBCT segmentation to obtain standard tessellation language (STL) models and automatic alignment with IOS models; (3) loading of selected STL models within the AR system and surgical planning with holograms; (4) surgical guide design with open-source computer-assisted-design (CAD) software; and (5) surgery on the patient.This novel protocol is effective and time-efficient when used for planning simple cases of static guided implant surgery in the partially edentulous patient. The clinician can plan the implants in an authentic 3D environment, without using any radiological guided surgery software. The precision of implant placement looks clinically acceptable, with minor deviations.AI and AR technologies can be successfully used in guided implant surgery for authentic 3D planning that may replace conventional software. However, further clinical studies are needed to validate this protocol.The combined use of AI and AR may change the perspectives of modern guided implant surgery for authentic 3D planning that may replace conventional software.