Development a green analytical methodology for the sensitive determination of antidepressant drugs using fabric phase sorptive extraction as a simple sample pretreatment procedure

A new enrichment and determination method including HPLC-DAD analysis after fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) has been developed to monitor trace amounts of antidepressant drugs including Amitriptyline (AMP), Fluoxetine (FLU), Vilazodone (VLZ), and Duloxetine (DUL). The target antidepressant drug molecules were retained onto the medium-polar sol–gel polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) coated fabric phase sorptive extraction membrane in the presence of pH 9.0 medium, and back-extracted by desorbing to a smaller volume of acetonitrile (ACN) before chromatographic determinations. Chemical characterization of the used fabric phase sorptive extraction membrane and experimental variables of FPSE were studied step by step and optimized. HPLC analysis of antidepressant drugs were carried out by isocratic elution of 20 % methanol, 50 % trifluoroacetic acid (0.1 %, v:v) (TFA), 30 % acetonitrile (ACN) by using C18 column. The detection limits for target antidepressant drugs under optimized conditions were found lower than 0.38 ng mL−1. The relative standard deviation (% RSD) values were calculated below 4.80 %. The developed method has been successfully applied to synthetic urine, real urine and pharmaceutical tablet samples and quantitative results have been obtained in recovery experiments.