Surface engineering of lipid nanoparticles: targeted nucleic acid delivery and beyond

核酸 纳米技术 药物输送 化学 计算生物学 计算机科学 生物化学 生物 材料科学
作者
Yi Lin,Qiang Cheng,Tuo Wei
出处
期刊:Biophysics reports [Chinese Academy of Sciences]
卷期号:9: 1-1 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.52601/bpr.2023.230022
摘要

Harnessing surface engineering strategies to functionalize nucleic acid-lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for improved performance has been a hot research topic since the approval of the first siRNA drug, patisiran, and two mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273. Currently, efforts have been mainly made to construct targeted LNPs for organ- or cell-type-specific delivery of nucleic acid drugs by conjugation with various types of ligands. In this review, we describe the surface engineering strategies for nucleic acid-LNPs, considering ligand types, conjugation chemistries, and incorporation methods. We then outline the general purification and characterization techniques that are frequently used following the engineering step and emphasize the specific techniques for certain types of ligands. Next, we comprehensively summarize the currently accessible organs and cell types, as well as the other applications of the engineered LNPs. Finally, we provide considerations for formulating targeted LNPs and discuss the challenges of successfully translating the “proof of concept” from the laboratory into the clinic. We believe that addressing these challenges could accelerate the development of surface-engineered LNPs for targeted nucleic acid delivery and beyond.
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