Use of carbon-based advanced materials for energy conversion and storage applications: Recent Development and Future Outlook

Biomass-derived carbonaceous materials have attracted significant research interest for their potential applications in energy storage devices due to their easy accessibility, renewability, high abundance, low cost, and eco-friendly synthesis. However, the practical application of such materials in energy storage devices is limited due to their relatively rare storage sites and low diffusion kinetics. Therefore, various strategies have been designed and developed for the modification of material structures to overcome these problems. However, this review summarizes the latest progress in the preparation methods of carbonaceous materials and their surface modification through various strategies. Further, applications of carbonaceous materials in energy storage devices such as supercapacitors, lithium-sulfur batteries, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, etc., are reviewed, which have never been addressed simultaneously in literature. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of biomass-derived materials have been discussed. Finally, possible future directions for the design and development of biomass-derived low-cost carbonaceous materials for energy storage devices have also been suggested in detail.