[Clinicopathological features of early gastric cancer after Helicobacter pylori eradication].

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features of early gastric cancers after Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication. Methods: The clinical data of 26 cases of gastric cancer that were diagnosed after H. pylori eradication and 45 cases without H. pylori eradication in the 989 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the People's Liberation Army (the former 152 Hospital), Pingdingshan, China from 2013 to 2021 were collected. The histological, immunophenotypic and clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared, and discussed with review of the related literature. Results: Among the gastric cancer patients with H. pylori eradication, there were 20 males and 6 females with a median age of 65 years (range 53 to 77 years). The cancer involved the upper part of the stomach in 12 cases, the middle part of the stomach in 4 cases, and the lower part of the stomach in 10 cases. The median diameter of the tumors was 12 mm (range 4-29 mm). According to the Paris Classification, 4 cases were 0-Ⅱa, 4 cases were 0-Ⅱb, 18 cases were 0-Ⅱc. White light endoscopy showed that the lesions were reddish to yellowish. The lesion boundary was clear in 12 cases and was unclear or gastritis-like changes in 14 cases, while the irregular microvascular structure and microsurface structure, as well as the relatively visible spinous boundary, were visible under narrow-band imaging. There were 20 cases of well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, 4 cases of highly to moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, and 2 cases of well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma with papillary adenocarcinoma. Compared with gastric cancers without H. pylori eradication, gastric cancers diagnosed after H. pylori eradication was associated with lower nucleus-cytoplasm ratio (<50%), normal epithelial coverage on the cancer surface, mild atypical epithelial coverage on the cancer surface, elongation of non-cancerous glands in the cancer tissue and subepithelial progression of cancerous glands were higher (P<0.05). The cellular immunophenotypes were gastric type in 6 cases, intestinal type in 4 cases and gastrointestinal mixed type in 16 cases. Conclusions: The early gastric cancers diagnosed after H. pylori eradication are more subtle clinically and mostly well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. The important morphological features of gastric cancer diagnosed after H. pylori eradication are decreased cytological atypia and overlying normal epithelium or mildly atypical epithelium of the cancer. Understanding and recognizing these morphological features are helpful to make correct endoscopic and pathological diagnoses.目的： 探讨幽门螺杆菌（Helicobacter pylori，HP）根除后早期胃癌的临床病理学特征。 方法： 回顾性收集2013—2021年解放军联勤保障部队第九八九医院平顶山医疗区（原第一五二中心医院）26例HP根除后胃癌和45例HP未根除胃癌的临床资料，观察其组织形态学特征和免疫表型，比较2组患者的临床病理学特征，并结合文献进行探讨。 结果： 根除HP后胃癌患者男20例，女6例；中位年龄65岁（范围53~77岁）；胃上部12例，胃中部4例，胃下部10例。肿瘤中位最大径12 mm（范围4~29 mm）。巴黎分型0~Ⅱa型4例，0~Ⅱb型4例，0~Ⅱc型18例。白光内镜观察癌灶呈微红色至微黄色，12例癌灶边界清楚；14例癌灶边界欠清楚，并有胃炎样改变，但通过窄带成像放大观察，仍可发现不规则微血管结构和微表面结构异常，以及相对可见的棘状边界。形态学上，高分化管状腺癌20例，高~中分化管状腺癌4例，高分化管状腺癌伴乳头状腺癌2例。与HP未根除胃癌相比，HP根除后胃癌的主体病变癌细胞核质比<50%、癌表面正常上皮覆盖、癌表面轻度不典型性上皮覆盖、癌组织内非癌腺体伸长现象和癌性腺体上皮下进展的比例高（P<0.05）。细胞表型为胃型6例，肠型4例，胃肠混合型16例。 结论： HP根除后早期胃癌临床上更为隐匿，多为分化型管状腺癌。癌细胞异型度降低和癌组织表面覆盖正常上皮或轻度不典型性上皮是HP根除后胃癌的重要形态学特征。理解和识别这些形态学特征有助于作出正确的内镜诊断和病理诊断。.