Incorporating safety signs in risk evaluation for tourist-construction interactions in a scenic area renovation project

Purpose The purpose of this study is to enhance the safety and comfort of tourists in scenic areas undergoing renovation and transformation by developing a comprehensive safety assessment model that takes into account both internal and external factors affecting tourist and construction safety. Design/methodology/approach The research employs a multi-level tourist-construction interaction safety assessment index system, which is constructed through a deep analysis of factors such as the construction environment, tourist behavior and safety signs. The study utilizes game theory in conjunction with three main objective and subjective weight distribution methods to determine the weights of the index system, ensuring the objectivity and effectiveness of the assessment results. The cloud model and cloud generator are applied for the language transformation of the indicators, leading to a comprehensive assessment of construction safety. Findings The survey results indicate that the safety risks of the case project are relatively high, with limited impact of time segments on safety risks, and the risk level during weekends is slightly higher than on weekdays, but the difference is not significant. Among the reviewed influencing factors, compliance with safety signs and the proportion of people crossing construction areas are the factors with the highest risk level, representing a large number of tourists ignoring safety guidance and forcibly crossing construction areas, facing construction dangers, posing a great challenge to safety management. Originality/value This study offers a novel methodological approach to safety risk assessment in similar environments, contributing to the field by improving the systematicness and scientific nature of safety management. It provides a scientific assessment tool for the safety management of tourists in scenic area renovation projects, aiming to achieve the dual objectives of tourist safety and construction efficiency.