环境科学
水力发电
沉积物
三角洲
水文学(农业)
下游(制造业)
三角洲
大坝拆除
地质学
生态学
岩土工程
航空航天工程
工程类
古生物学
运营管理
经济
生物
作者
Samuel De Xun Chua,Yuheng Yang,G. Mathias Kondolf,Chantha Oeurng,Ty Sok,Shurong Zhang,Xixi Lu
出处
期刊:Science Advances
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2024-05-03
卷期号:10 (18)
标识
DOI:10.1126/sciadv.adn9731
摘要
Hydropower, although an attractive renewable energy source, can alter the flux of water, sediments, and biota, producing detrimental impacts in downstream regions. The Mekong River illustrates the impacts of large dams and the limitations of conventional dam regulating strategies. Even under the most optimistic sluicing scenario, sediment load at the Mekong Delta could only recover to 62.3 ± 8.2 million tonnes (1 million tonnes = 10 9 kilograms), short of the (100 to 160)–million tonne historical level. Furthermore, unless retrofit to reroute sediments, the dams are doomed to continue trapping sediment for at least 170 years and thus starve downstream reaches of sediment, contributing to the impending disappearance of the Mekong Delta. Therefore, we explicitly challenge the widespread use of large dead storages—the portion of the reservoirs that cannot be emptied—in dam designs. Smaller dead storages can ease sediment starvation in downstream regions, thereby buffering against sinking deltas or relative sea level rises.
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