Low-Temperature Area-Selective Metal Passivation Bonding Platform for Heterogeneous Integration

This study explores a novel area-selective passivation bonding technology utilizing gold, a crucial facilitator for heterogeneous integration, which fulfills the urgent demand for high-performance computing (HPC). This mask-free patterning bonding technology allows for chip bonding at ambient temperatures under 120 °C within a short timeframe, successfully mitigating copper oxidation and post-chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) dishing issues without additional high-cost lithography. The technology, with its area-selective features, proves versatile for a variety of bonding structures, such as copper pillars, interconnect Cu-Cu, and Cu/SiO ₂ bonding, circumventing lithography issues and streamlining the traditional metal passivation bonding process. Our investigation confirms the superior quality and robustness of these area-selective films, together with the robust electrical performance of both interconnect Cu-Cu and Cu/SiO ₂ hybrid bonding devices.