Gold nanoparticle conjugation enhances berberine's antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

化学 抗菌活性 核化学 傅里叶变换红外光谱 最小抑制浓度 Zeta电位 小檗碱 金黄色葡萄球菌 共轭体系 生物膜 最低杀菌浓度 MTT法 胶体金 细胞毒性 纳米颗粒 微生物学 体外 有机化学 纳米技术 生物化学 细菌 材料科学 生物 化学工程 遗传学 工程类 聚合物
作者
Somayeh Sadeghi,Fatemeh Agharazi,Sara Ali Hosseinzadeh,Mohammad Mashayekhi,Zahra Saffari,Morvarid Shafiei,Nader Shahrokhi,Mina Ebrahimi‐Rad,Mahdi Sadeghi
出处
期刊:Talanta [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:268: 125358-125358 被引量:16
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125358
摘要

Nanoparticle (NP) conjugation with various biomolecules is one of the most promising approaches for targeting Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In this study, berberine (BER) was conjugated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to enhance its antibacterial activity against MRSA. Chemically synthesized AuNPs were characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, size distribution and Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) analysis. Berberine was conjugated with AuNPs and the conjugants were characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The cytotoxicity of free and conjugated BER was also investigated. Comparative studies were conducted based on the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and anti-biofilm activities of conjugants and free BER against MRSA isolates. To verify cell membrane disruption and intracellular imbalance following treatment exposure, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and live-dead staining experiments were performed. In vivo antibacterial efficacy of treated groups was also assessed in a BALB/c mouse-infected skin model. DLS measurement, FE-SEM, and UV–vis spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis of AuNPs with a narrow size distribution of 49.38 nm and a zeta potential of −31.9 mV. The results from UV–vis spectroscopy and FTIR provided support for the functionalization of AuNPs by BER functional groups. The In vitro antibacterial results demonstrated that the conjugated BER exhibited a lower MIC value against MRSA (109.5 μg/ml) compared to free BER (165 μg/ml). Free and conjugated BER, at their MIC concentrations, demonstrated anti-biofilm activity, resulting in biofilm eradication of 13.9 and 22.33 %, respectively. The highest level of ROS production (93 %) was associated with the conjugated BER at a concentration of 27.37 μg/ml. This finding indicates a disruption in cell membrane integrity and a reduction in bacterial viability, as demonstrated by ROS and live/dead staining assays. The cytotoxicity study on the mouse L929 fibroblast cell line revealed approximately 100 % cell viability when exposed to free or conjugated BER at their MIC concentration. This result indicates the biosafety of both of the compounds. The in vivo study in the infected skin model groups treated with conjugated and free BER revealed MRSA survival rate of 2.7 % and 26 %, respectively. These findings suggest that conjugated BER could be an effective nanoformulation candidate with a potential role in managing MRSA associated infections.
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