Financial fraud detection: A comparative study of quantum machine learning models

In this research, a comparative study of four Quantum Machine Learning (QML) models was conducted for fraud detection in finance. We proved that the Quantum Support Vector Classifier model achieved the highest performance, with F1 scores of [Formula: see text] for fraud and nonfraud classes. Other models like the Variational Quantum Classifier (VQC), Estimator Quantum Neural Network (QNN), and Sampler QNN demonstrate promising results, propelling the potential of QML classification for financial applications. While they exhibit certain limitations, the insights attained pave the way for future enhancements and optimization strategies. However, challenges exist, including the need for more efficient quantum algorithms and larger and more complex datasets. This paper provides solutions to overcome current limitations and contributes new insights to the field of QML in fraud detection, with important implications for its future development.