Primary acetylated polysaccharides from jujube regulated the immune response and intestinal microbiota in immunosuppressive mice

This study aims to investigate the immune response and intestinal microbiota in immunosuppressed mice treated with acetylated jujube polysaccharide (Ac-JP), which exhibited superior water solubility compared to the original jujube polysaccharide (JP). Our study demonstrates that Ac-JP can enhance thymus and spleen indices, increase white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and platelets (PLT) levels in serum, as well as promote the production of immune-related cytokines (including interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), immunoglobulin A (Ig-A), immunoglobulin G (Ig-G), and immunoglobulin M (Ig-M)) in the serum of cyclophosphamide (CTX)-treated mice. Notably, the administration of Ac-JP significantly increased the relative abundances of Alloprevotella and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, as well as the concentration of acetic acid in the intestinal contents. Meanwhile, it led to a decrease in the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio. These findings indicate the potential of Ac-JP as a promising immunomodulator.