膜
薄膜复合膜
反渗透
正渗透
传质
海水淡化
渗透
生化工程
过程(计算)
工艺工程
盐(化学)
计算机科学
材料科学
纳米技术
化学
工程类
色谱法
生物化学
物理化学
操作系统
作者
Kexin Yuan,Yu-Lei Liu,Haoran Feng,Yi Liu,Jun Cheng,Beiyang Luo,Qinglian Wu,Xinyu Zhang,Ying Wang,Xian Bao,Wanqian Guo,Jun Ma
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109022
摘要
Thin-film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes have attracted considerable attention in water treatment and desalination processes due to their specific separation advantages. Nevertheless, the trade-off effect between water flux and salt rejection poses huge challenges to further improvement in TFC RO membrane performance. Numerous research works have been dedicated to optimizing membrane fabrication and modification for addressing this issue. In the meantime, several reviews summarized these approaches. However, the existing reviews seldom analyzed these methods from a theoretical perspective and thus failed to offer effective optimization directions for the RO process from the root cause. In this review, we first propose a mass transfer model to facilitate a better understanding of the entire process of how water and solute permeate through RO membranes in detail, namely the migration process outside the membrane, the dissolution process on the membrane surface, and the diffusion process within the membrane. Thereafter, the water and salt mass transfer behaviors obtained from model deduction are comprehensively analyzed to provide potential guidelines for alleviating the trade-off effect between water flux and salt rejection in the RO process. Finally, inspired by the theoretical analysis and the accurate identification of existing bottlenecks, several promising strategies for both regulating RO membranes and optimizing operational conditions are proposed to further exploit the potential of RO membrane performance. This review is expected to guide the development of high-performance RO membranes from a mass transfer theory standpoint.
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