Brain volume and magnetic susceptibility differences in children and adolescents with prenatal alcohol exposure

壳核 大脑大小 定量磁化率图 丘脑 尾状核 海马体 伏隔核 心理学 磁共振成像 扁桃形结构 情感(语言学) 内科学 医学 生理学 神经科学 中枢神经系统 放射科 沟通
作者
Daphne Nakhid,Carly McMorris,Hongfu Sun,William Benton Gibbard,Christina Tortorelli,Catherine Lebel
出处
期刊:Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research [Wiley]
卷期号:46 (10): 1797-1807
标识
DOI:10.1111/acer.14928
摘要

Background Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can negatively affect brain development thereby increasing the risk of cognitive deficits, behavioral challenges, and mental health problems. Brain iron is important for a number of physiological processes for healthy brain development. Animal studies show that PAE reduced brain iron; however, this has not been investigated in human children with PAE. Methods We studied 20 children and adolescents with PAE and 44 unexposed children and adolescents aged 7.5 to 15 years. All children underwent quantitative susceptibility mapping and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans. Susceptibility and volume measurements of the caudate, putamen, pallidum, thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens were extracted using FreeSurfer. ANCOVAs were used to compare volume and susceptibility between groups for each region of interest, controlling for age and gender. For structures where susceptibility differed by group, we also tested for an association between intelligence quotient (IQ) and susceptibility. Results There were no significant group differences in susceptibility after multiple comparison correction, though the PAE group had higher susceptibility in the thalamus compared to unexposed participants before correction (p = 0.032, q = 0.230). There was no association between IQ and thalamus susceptibility. The PAE group had significantly lower volume in the bilateral caudate, bilateral pallidum, and left putamen. Conclusions These findings suggest susceptibility may be altered in children and adolescents with PAE, though more research is needed. Volume reductions are consistent with previous literature and likely underlie cognitive and behavioral deficits associated with PAE.
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