过度诊断
医学
危害
工作队
癌症筛查
一致性(知识库)
重症监护医学
家庭医学
癌症
病理
心理学
社会心理学
人工智能
内科学
计算机科学
公共行政
政治学
作者
Louise Davies,Diana B. Petitti,Lynn Martin,Matthew Woo,Jennifer S Lin
摘要
The toll of inadequate health care is well-substantiated, but recognition is mounting that “too much” is also possible. Overdiagnosis represents one harm of too much medicine, but the concept can be confusing: It is often conflated with related harms (such as overtreatment, misclassification, false-positive results, and overdetection) and is difficult to measure because it cannot be directly observed. Because the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) issues screening recommendations aimed largely at healthy persons, it has a particular interest in understanding harms related to screening, especially but not limited to overdiagnosis. In support of the USPSTF, the authors summarize the knowledge and provide guidance on defining, estimating, and communicating overdiagnosis in cancer screening. To improve consistency, thinking, and reporting about overdiagnosis, they suggest a specific definition. The authors articulate how variation in estimates of overdiagnosis can arise, identify approaches to estimating overdiagnosis, and describe best practices for communicating the potential for harm due to overdiagnosis.
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