Müller cells harboring exosomal lncRNA OGRU modulates microglia polarization in diabetic retinopathy via serving as miRNA sponges

小胶质细胞 基因敲除 微泡 免疫印迹 生物 小RNA 细胞生物学 下调和上调 流式细胞术 基因沉默 巨噬细胞极化 分子生物学 癌症研究 细胞培养 免疫学 炎症 体外 巨噬细胞 生物化学 遗传学 基因
作者
ShuHua Fu,Wenjing Sun,Lu Liu,Jianqiu Xiao,Jianping Xiong,Yang Hu,Qianqian Zhou,Xiaolong Yin
出处
期刊:Diabetes [American Diabetes Association]
标识
DOI:10.2337/db23-1015
摘要

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus which is associated with visual loss and blindness worldwide. However, the effective treatments for both early- and late-stage DR remains lacking. A streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice model and high glucose (HG)-treated Müller cell model were established. M1/M2 microglia polarization was assessed by immunofluorescence (IF) staining and flow cytometry. Expression of lncRNA OGRU, cytokines and other key molecules were detected by qRT-PCR or western blot. ELISA assay was employed to monitor cytokine secretion. Müller cell-derived exosomes were isolated and characterized by nanopartical tracking analysis (NTA), western blot and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and exosome uptake assay was used to monitor the intercellular transport of exosomes. Associations among lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks were validated by RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and dual luciferase assays. Increased M1 polarization but decreased M2 polarization of retinal microglia were observed in DR mice. HG-treated Müller cell-derived exosomes transported OGRU into microglia and promoted microglia polarization toward M1 phenotype. Mechanistically, OGRU served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-320-3p, miR-221-3p and miR-574-5p to regulate AR, PFKFB3 and GLUT1 expression in microglia, respectively. Loss of miR-320-3p/miR-221-3p/miR-574-5p or reinforced AR/PFKFB3/GLUT1 abrogated OGRU silencing-mediated microglia polarization in vitro. In vivo studies further showed that OGRU/miR-320-3p/AR, OGRU/miR-221-3p/PFKFB3 and OGRU/miR-574-5p/GLUT1 axes regulated microglia polarization in DR mice. Collectively, Müller cells-derived exosomal OGRU regulated microglia polarization in DR via modulating OGRU/miR-320-3p/AR, OGRU/miR-221-3p/PFKFB3 and OGRU/miR-574-5p/GLUT1 axes.
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