Multifunctional carbon nanotubes-based hybrid aerogels with high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption at elevated temperature

材料科学 气凝胶 碳纳米管 保温 衰减 热导率 吸收(声学) 复合材料 衰减系数 电磁辐射 多孔性 光电子学 摩尔吸收率 热的 混合材料 纳米技术 光学 气象学 物理 图层(电子)
作者
Feng Yang,Junru Yao,Zhou Shen,Qing Ma,Guiyu Peng,Jintang Zhou,Zhengjun Yao,Xuewei Tao
出处
期刊:Journal of Colloid and Interface Science [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:638: 843-854 被引量:19
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2023.02.034
摘要

In the complex engineering applications of electromagnetic (EM) wave-absorbing materials, it is insufficient for these materials to exhibit only efficient EM wave attenuation ability. EM wave-absorbing materials featuring numerous multifunctional properties are increasingly attractive for next-generation wireless communication and smart devices. Herein, we constructed a lightweight and robust multifunctional hybrid aerogel consisting of carbon nanotubes/aramid nanofibers/polyimide with low shrinkage and high porosity. The hybrid aerogels exhibit excellent EM wave attenuation, with an effective absorption bandwidth covering the entire X-band from 25 °C to 400 °C. The conductive loss capacity of the hybrid aerogel is enhanced under thermal drive, which results in an enhanced ability to attenuate EM waves, as evidenced by the fact that the best-fit thickness drops from 5.3 to 3.6 mm with increasing temperature. In addition, the hybrid aerogels are capable to efficiently absorb sound waves, with an average absorption coefficient as high as 0.86 at 1–6.3 kHz, and they exhibit superior thermal insulation properties, with a thermal conductivity as low as 41 ± 2 mW/mK. They are thus suitable for applications in the anti-icing and infrared stealth fields. The prepared multifunctional aerogels have considerable potential for EM protection, noise reduction, and thermal insulation in harsh thermal environments.
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