A review of machine vision sensors for tool condition monitoring

Tool condition monitoring has gained considerable importance in the manufacturing industry over the preceding two decades, as it significantly influences the process economy and the machined part quality. Recent advances in the field of image processing technology have led to the development of various in-cycle vision sensors that can provide a direct and indirect estimate of the tool condition. These sensors are characterised by their measurement flexibility, high spatial resolution and good accuracy. This paper provides a review of the basic principle, the instrumentation and the various processing schemes involved in the development of these sensors.