Folic acid–polydopamine nanofibers show enhanced ordered-stacking via π–π interactions

Hybrid nanofibers of polydopamine and folic acid show strong π–π interactions because of the existence of cyclic tetramers, which were observed in MALDI-TOF MS characterizations. The strong interaction between these oligomers in FA–PDA nanofibers promotes the formation of large domains with graphite-like ordered-stacking.