[Global incidence and mortality of renal cell carcinoma in 2020].

Objective: To analyze the global epidemiology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in 2020. Methods: The incidence and mortality data of RCC in the cooperative database GLOBOCAN 2020 of International Agency for Research on Cancer of WHO and the human development index (HDI) published by the United Nations Development Programme in 2020 were collated. The crude incidence rate (CIR), age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), crude mortality rate (CMR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and mortality/incidence ratio (M/I) of RCC were calculated. Kruskale-Wallis test was used to analyze the differences in ASIR or ASMR among HDI countries. Results: In 2020, the global ASIR of RCC was 4.6/100 000, of which 6.1/100 000 for males and 3.2/100 000 for females and ASIR was higher in very high and high HDI countries than that in medium and low HDI countries. With the rapid increase of age after the age of 20, the growth rate of ASIR in males was faster than that in females, and slowed down at the age of 70 to 75. The truncation incidence rate of 35-64 years old was 7.5/100 000 and the cumulative incidence risk of 0-74 years old was 0.52%. The global ASMR of RCC was 1.8/100 000, 2.5/100 000 for males and 1.2/100 000 for females. The ASMR of males in very high and high HDI countries (2.4/100 000-3.7/100 000) was about twice that of males (1.1/100 000-1.4/100 000) in medium and low HDI countries, while the ASMR of female (0.6/100 000-1.5/100 000) did not show significant difference. ASMR continued to increase rapidly with age after the age of 40, and the growth rate of males was faster than that of females. The truncation mortality rate of 35-64 years old was 2.1/100 000, and the cumulative mortality risk of 0-74 years old was 0.20%. M/I decreases with the increase of HDI, with M/I as 0.58 in China, which was higher than the global average of 0.39 and the United States' 0.17. Conclusion: The ASIR and ASMR of RCC presented significant regional and gender disparities globally, and the heaviest burden was in very high HDI countries.目的： 分析2020年全球肾癌的流行病学现状。 方法： 整理国际癌症研究署和WHO的联合数据库GLOBOCAN 2020中肾癌发病、死亡数据和联合国发展计划署公布的2020年人类发展指数（HDI），计算肾癌粗发病率（CIR）、年龄标化发病率（ASIR）、粗死亡率（CMR）、年龄标化死亡率（ASMR）及死亡发病比（M/I），采用Kruskale-Wallis检验分析不同HDI国家间ASIR或ASMR的差异。 结果： 2020年全球肾癌ASIR为4.6/10万，其中男性为6.1/10万，女性为3.2/10万，极高和高HDI国家的ASIR高于中等和低HDI国家。ASIR在20岁后随着年龄迅速增长，男性增长速率快于女性，并均在70~75岁增长放缓。35~64岁截缩发病率为7.5/10万，0~74岁人群累积发病风险为0.52%。全球肾癌ASMR为1.8/10万，男性为2.5/10万，女性为1.2/10万，极高或高HDI国家男性ASMR（2.4/10万~3.7/10万）约为中等或低HDI国家男性（1.1/10万~1.4/10万）的2倍，而不同HDI国家女性ASMR（0.6/10万~1.5/10万）差异不大。ASMR在40岁后随着年龄持续快速增长，男性增长速率快于女性。35~64岁截缩死亡率为2.1/10万，0~74岁全人群累积死亡风险为0.20%。M/I随HDI增加而降低，中国M/I为0.58，高于全球平均水平（0.39）以及美国（0.17）。 结论： 肾癌ASIR和ASMR在全球范围内存在显著地区和性别差异，极高HDI国家负担最重。.