The effectiveness of graded motor imagery and its components on phantom limb pain in amputated patients: A systematic review

奇纳 幻肢 物理医学与康复 运动表象 截肢 医学 幻肢痛 物理疗法 干预(咨询) 梅德林 偏侧性 心理学 心理干预 听力学 外科 脑-机接口 政治学 法学 脑电图 精神科
作者
Sandra Rierola‐Fochs,Mirari Ochandorena‐Acha,José Antonio Merchán-Baeza,Eduard Minobes‐Molina
出处
期刊:Prosthetics and Orthotics International [Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer)]
卷期号:48 (2): 158-169
标识
DOI:10.1097/pxr.0000000000000293
摘要

Background: Phantom limb pain (PLP) can be defined as pain in a missing part of the limb. It is reported in 50%–80% of people with amputation. Objectives: To provide an overview of the effectiveness of graded motor imagery (GMI) and the techniques which form it on PLP in amputees. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: Two authors independently selected relevant studies, screened the articles for methodological validity and risk of bias, and extracted the data. Inclusion criteria used were clinical studies, written in English or Spanish, using GMI, laterality recognition, motor imagery, mirror therapy, or a combination of some of them as an intervention in amputated patients, and one of the outcomes was PLP, and it was assessed using a validated scale. The databases used were PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PEDro. Results: Fifteen studies were included in the review. After the intervention, all the groups in which the GMI or one of the techniques that comprise it was used showed decrease in PLP. Conclusion: The 3 GMI techniques showed effectiveness in decreasing PLP in amputees, although it should be noted that the application of the GMI showed better results.
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