Antibacterial potential of sodium alginate nanoparticles: synthesis & characterization

This research synthesized sodium alginate nanoparticles through nanoprecipitation using Tween 80 as the surfactant and ethanol as solvent. The sodium alginate and surfactant concentrations impact was observed on nanoparticles. Nanoprecipitation method was chosen for its stability, easy-going, environment-friendliness. The size, polydispersity index (PDI), morphological changes, and chemical modifications of nanoparticles were characterized through various techniques such as zeta potential and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of sodium alginate nanoparticles was checked against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, i.e., Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia, respectively. The zeta results indicated that the nanoparticles size ranges around 100nm, having a −3.44mV zeta potential and a polydispersity index of 1.000. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy graph confirmed the typical feature of sodium alginate nanoparticles through the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl, and carboxylate groups, the peaks ranges between the 450-700cm −1 indicated the interaction between sodium alginate and Tween 80. The antibacterial results suggested the coating of sodium alginate with some sustainable metal to enhance its antimicrobial resistance against various pathogens. Sodium alginate, with its excellent gelling properties, and muco-adhesiveness can serve for biomedical applications and drug delivery.