生物
渗透浓度
渗透性休克
渗透调节
平衡
营养物
渗透压
渗透调节剂
渗透
细胞生物学
生态学
遗传学
生物化学
基因
盐度
膜
氨基酸
脯氨酸
作者
Adrienne M. Brauer,Handuo Shi,Petra Anne Levin,Kerwyn Casey Huang
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102170
摘要
Bacterial cells are regularly confronted with simultaneous changes in environmental nutrient supply and osmolarity. Despite the importance of osmolarity and osmoregulation in bacterial physiology, the relationship between the cellular response to osmotic perturbations and other stresses has remained largely unexplored. Bacteria cultured in hyperosmotic conditions and bacteria experiencing nutrient stress exhibit similar physiological changes, including metabolic shutdown, increased protein instability, dehydration, and condensation of chromosomal DNA. In this review, we highlight overlapping molecular players between osmotic and nutrient stresses. These connections between two seemingly disparate stress response pathways reinforce the importance of central carbon metabolism as a control point for diverse aspects of homeostatic regulation. We identify important open questions for future research, emphasizing the pressing need to develop and exploit new methods for probing how osmolarity affects phylogenetically diverse species.
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