Voiding and renal function 10 years after radical cystectomy and orthotopic neobladder in women

Objectives To assess long‐term voiding and renal function (RF) changes after radical cystectomy (RC) and orthotopic neobladder (ONB) surgery in women without disease recurrence. Material and methods Women who underwent RC and ONB reconstruction between 1995 and 2011 were included in this study. Patients who developed disease failure or were lost to follow‐up were excluded. The study outcomes were long‐term voiding function and the incidence and predictors of RF deterioration (defined as >20% decline of baseline). Analysis was performed using the log‐rank test and Cox regression analysis. Results The study included 195 patients with a median (interquartile range) follow‐up of 98 (53–151) months, of whom 95 had >10 years of follow‐up. Daytime continence, night‐time continence and chronic urine retention (CUR) were identified in 170 (87%), 134 (69%) and 52 patients (27%), respectively. Among patients with >10 years of follow‐up, 82 (86%), 66 (70%) and 31 (33%) had daytime continence, night‐time continence and CUR at the last follow‐up visit, respectively. RF deterioration events occurred in 74 patients throughout the follow‐up and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage III–V developed in 80 patients. Patients' age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]1.06–1.89; P = 0.02) and serous‐lined extramural tunnel diversion (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.19–0.86; P = 0.02) were the independent predictors of RF deterioration. Among patients with >10 years of follow‐up, RF deteriorated in 46 patients (49%) and CKD stage III–V developed in 40 (42%). Conclusion Women surviving more than 10 years after RC and ONB maintained acceptable continence status, apart from having a higher CUR rate, compared to those followed for <10 years. However, RF deterioration developed in nearly half of them.