Routledge Handbook of Global Sport

Green (2001) and Green and Svinth (2003), reminds us that the definition of martial arts is not universal, and inevitably, is focused by time, place, philosophy, politics, worldview, popular culture, and other cross-cultural variables by the person who defines, explains and presents the historical aspects of certain physical cultural activities.Papakitsos (2017) emphasizes three important aspects regarding terminology in martial arts and combat sports ror understanding and conceptualizing them.The first aspect mentioned is military training which is focused on preparing the individual soldier for the battlefield for damaging the enemy using the appropriate tools and weapons.In this primary manifestation the training methodology emphasizes teamwork, and valorizes the collective.In the second aspect, it presents the combative sports.while the athlete has to function within certain rules or set of regulations.The individual component is venerated and an external person or people, nominated referee, mediates the action or combat.The most important element is the security of the practitioner, which aims at ensuring physical safety and integrity of the contestants.The usage of weaponry is restricted to certain categories (namely those of the various sport-fencing arts).And the third manifestation is the civilian arts, commonly labeled as self-defense activities.It is possible to present based on a code