Influenza Vaccine: Routine Secondary Prevention for Patients With Cardiovascular Disease?

Editorials20 October 2020Influenza Vaccine: Routine Secondary Prevention for Patients With Cardiovascular Disease?Chandini Raina MacIntyre, MBBS Hons 1, PhDChandini Raina MacIntyre, MBBS Hons 1, PhDUniversity of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (C.R.M.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M20-5810 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The association between influenza and cardiovascular disease was first recognized with the observation that all-cause mortality increases with influenza epidemics, and evidence of more specific associations with myocardial infarction, stroke, and other cardiovascular outcomes has accrued since then (1). In their article, Chow and colleagues (2) confirm that cardiovascular events are an important contributor to the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza. They studied 80 261 adults with confirmed influenza and determined that almost 12% had an acute cardiovascular event, most commonly acute heart failure (6.2%) or acute ischemic heart disease (5.7%). This study also showed that patients with the combination ...References1. Warren-Gash C, Blackburn R, Whitaker H, et al. Laboratory-confirmed respiratory infections as triggers for acute myocardial infarction and stroke: a self-controlled case series analysis of national linked datasets from Scotland. Eur Respir J. 2018;51. [PMID: 29563170] doi:10.1183/13993003.01794-2017 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Chow EJ, Rolfes MA, O'Halloran A, et al. Acute cardiovascular events associated with influenza in hospitalized adults. A cross-sectional study. Ann Intern Med. 2020;173:605-13. doi:10.7326/M20-1509 LinkGoogle Scholar3. Muñoz P, Vicent L, Bouza E, et al. Prognostic implications of influenza virus infection in a cardiac intensive care unit: potential impact of a screening program. Cardiology. 2019;143:85-91. [PMID: 31514195] doi:10.1159/000501230 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Macintyre CR, Heywood AE, Kovoor P, et al. Ischaemic heart disease, influenza and influenza vaccination: a prospective case control study. Heart. 2013;99:1843-8. [PMID: 23966030] doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304320 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Reed C, Chaves SS, DailyKirley P, et al. Estimating influenza disease burden from population-based surveillance data in the United States. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0118369. [PMID: 25738736] doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118369 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. Chughtai AA, Wang Q, Dung TC, et al. The presence of fever in adults with influenza and other viral respiratory infections. Epidemiol Infect. 2017;145:148-155. [PMID: 27691995] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. Casscells SW, Granger E, Kress AM, et al. Use of oseltamivir after influenza infection is associated with reduced incidence of recurrent adverse cardiovascular outcomes among military health system beneficiaries with prior cardiovascular diseases. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2009;2:108-15. [PMID: 20031822] doi:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.108.820357 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. MacIntyre CR, Mahimbo A, Moa AM, et al. Influenza vaccine as a coronary intervention for prevention of myocardial infarction. Heart. 2016;102:1953-1956. [PMID: 27686519] doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309983 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. Udell JA, Zawi R, Bhatt DL, et al. Association between influenza vaccination and cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk patients: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2013;310:1711-20. [PMID: 24150467] doi:10.1001/jama.2013.279206 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. Raj SM, Chughtai AA, Sharma A, et al. Cost-benefit analysis of a national influenza vaccination program in preventing hospitalisation costs in Australian adults aged 50-64 years old. Vaccine. 2019;37:5979-5985. [PMID: 31473001] doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.08.028 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (C.R.M.)Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M20-5810.Corresponding Author: Chandini R. MacIntyre, MBBS, PhD, The Kirby Institute, UNSW Medicine, Wallace Wurth Level 6, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; e-mail, r.[email protected]edu.au.This article was published at Annals.org on 25 August 2020. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoAcute Cardiovascular Events Associated With Influenza in Hospitalized Adults Eric J. Chow , Melissa A. Rolfes , Alissa O'Halloran , Evan J. Anderson , Nancy M. Bennett , Laurie Billing , Shua Chai , Elizabeth Dufort , Rachel Herlihy , Sue Kim , Ruth Lynfield , Chelsea McMullen , Maya L. Monroe , William Schaffner , Melanie Spencer , H. Keipp Talbot , Ann Thomas , Kimberly Yousey-Hindes , Carrie Reed , and Shikha Garg Metrics 20 October 2020Volume 173, Issue 8Page: 660-661KeywordsCardiovascular diseasesElderlyFeversHeart failureMorbidityMortalityMyocardial infarctionPatientsThrombosisVaccines ePublished: 25 August 2020 Issue Published: 20 October 2020 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...