Recovery of rare earth elements from coal fly ash through sequential chemical roasting, water leaching, and acid leaching processes

烘烤 浸出(土壤学) 化学 溶解 铝硅酸钠 粉煤灰 硅酸铝 硅酸钠 溶解度 无机化学 硅酸盐 化学反应 冶金 材料科学 有机化学 催化作用 地质学 土壤科学 土壤水分 物理化学
作者
Jinhe Pan,Behzad Vaziri Hassas,Mohammad Rezaee,Changchun Zhou,Sarma V. Pisupati
出处
期刊:Journal of Cleaner Production [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:284: 124725-124725 被引量:97
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124725
摘要

The majority of rare earth elements (REEs) in coal fly ash (CFA) are associated with the aluminosilicate glassy phase, hindering their solubility in the acid leaching process. In this study, a sequential chemical roasting, water leaching, and acid leaching process was developed for the recovery of REEs from CFA. The effect of several roasting additives on the transformation of CFA phases into water or acid soluble phases was first studied. The reaction conditions for chemical roasting were selected based on a thermodynamic analysis. The selected reaction conditions were then validated experimentally. NaOH and Na2CO3 were the most effective additives to break the glassy phases to sodium silicate and sodium aluminosilicate, which can then be readily dissolved in water or acid. The reactions with NaOH was found to be spontaneous at ambient temperatures, while the reactions with Na2CO3 were spontaneous at elevated temperatures. Water leaching was very effective for the dissolution of the sodium silicate product, removal of the majority of silica, and for turning the glassy phases into a porous structure. As a result, mass transfer limitations were reduced, and acid could easily diffuse into the particles, dissolve the majority of remaining, and extract REEs along with other elements such as Al. This process significantly enhanced the REE recovery to 79% and 89% using NaOH and Na2CO3 roasting, respectively, compared to 20% REE recovery in baseline acid leaching.
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