Disentangling metabolic functions of bacteria in the honey bee gut

生物 肠道菌群 蜜蜂 细菌 花粉 代谢途径 代谢组学 微生物学 动物 生态学 新陈代谢 生物化学 遗传学 生物信息学
作者
Lucie Kešnerová,Ruben A. T. Mars,Kirsten Ellegaard,Michaël Troilo,Uwe Sauer,Philipp Engel
出处
期刊:PLOS Biology [Public Library of Science]
卷期号:15 (12): e2003467-e2003467 被引量:319
标识
DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.2003467
摘要

It is presently unclear how much individual community members contribute to the overall metabolic output of a gut microbiota. To address this question, we used the honey bee, which harbors a relatively simple and remarkably conserved gut microbiota with striking parallels to the mammalian system and importance for bee health. Using untargeted metabolomics, we profiled metabolic changes in gnotobiotic bees that were colonized with the complete microbiota reconstituted from cultured strains. We then determined the contribution of individual community members in mono-colonized bees and recapitulated our findings using in vitro cultures. Our results show that the honey bee gut microbiota utilizes a wide range of pollen-derived substrates, including flavonoids and outer pollen wall components, suggesting a key role for degradation of recalcitrant secondary plant metabolites and pollen digestion. In turn, multiple species were responsible for the accumulation of organic acids and aromatic compound degradation intermediates. Moreover, a specific gut symbiont, Bifidobacterium asteroides, stimulated the production of host hormones known to impact bee development. While we found evidence for cross-feeding interactions, approximately 80% of the identified metabolic changes were also observed in mono-colonized bees, with Lactobacilli being responsible for the largest share of the metabolic output. These results show that, despite prolonged evolutionary associations, honey bee gut bacteria can independently establish and metabolize a wide range of compounds in the gut. Our study reveals diverse bacterial functions that are likely to contribute to bee health and provide fundamental insights into how metabolic activities are partitioned within gut communities.
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