Nanocomposite scaffolds for tissue engineering; properties, preparation and applications

Abstract Tissue engineering is an emerging interdisciplinary field aiming to repair or enhance the biological functions of injured tissues. Mostly nanocomposites are used as three-dimensional nano-fibril structures called scaffolds that function as biological media to support cell proliferation and differentiation in regenerative medicine. Nanocomposites scaffolds offer immense possibilities of structural and mechanical modifications to generate novel properties, functions, and applications for tissues engineering. A lot of work has been reported on the nanocomposites scaffolds for tissue engineering application, so this chapter’s objective is to encapsulate the available information related to properties of ideal nanocomposites scaffolds. Moreover, fabrication techniques and various applications of nanocomposites scaffolds in the field of tissue engineering are summarized. Critical challenges and future directions are also discussed.