Intravenous Fluids in Septic Shock — More or Less?

…soon the sharpened features, and sunken eye, and fallen jaw, pale and cold, bearing the manifest impress of death's signet, began to glow with returning animation…. During the British cholera epidemic of 1831, William O'Shaughnessy reported that the blood of victims "has lost a large portion of its water…a great proportion of its neutral saline ingredients" and that "of the free alkali contained in healthy serum, not a particle is present in some cholera cases."1 He advocated for the restoration of the missing water and salts, an approach that was embraced by the Scottish general practitioner Thomas Latta, who reported . . .