Micro(nano)plastics pollution and human health: How plastics can induce carcinogenesis to humans?

微塑料 遗传毒性 吸入染毒 人类健康 生态毒性 致癌物 化学 环境化学 毒性 环境卫生 医学 有机化学
作者
Rakesh Kumar,Camelia Manna,Shaveta Padha,Anurag Verma,Prabhakar Sharma,Anjali Dhar,Ashok Ghosh,Prosun Bhattacharya
出处
期刊:Chemosphere [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:298: 134267-134267 被引量:244
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134267
摘要

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are key indicators of the plasticine era, widely spread across different ecosystems. MPs and NPs become global stressors due to their inherent physicochemical characteristics and potential impact on ecosystems and humans. MPs and NPs have been exposed to humans via various pathways, such as tap water, bottled water, seafood, beverages, milk, fish, salts, fruits, and vegetables. This paper highlights MPs and NPs pathways to the food chains and how these plastic particles can cause risks to human health. MPs have been evident in vivo and vitro and have been at health risks, such as respiratory, immune, reproductive, and digestive systems. The present work emphasizes how various MPs and NPs, and associated toxic chemicals, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), impact human health. Polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are common MPs and NPs, reported in human implants via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure, which can cause carcinogenesis, according to Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) reports. Inhalation, ingestion, and dermal exposure-response cause genotoxicity, cell division and viability, cytotoxicity, oxidative stress induction, metabolism disruption, DNA damage, inflammation, and immunological responses in humans. Lastly, this review work concluded with current knowledge on potential risks to human health and knowledge gaps with recommendations for further investigation in this field.
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