神经节苷脂
医学
中枢神经系统
病理
外周神经系统
鞘糖脂
神经系统
糖脂
体内
神经组织
细胞
神经酰胺
免疫学
细胞生物学
生物化学
生物
内分泌学
细胞凋亡
生物技术
精神科
作者
Frank A. Rodden,Herbert Wiegandt,B. L. Bauer
标识
DOI:10.3171/jns.1991.74.4.0606
摘要
✓ Gangliosides are complex glycolipids found on the outer surface of most cell membranes: they are particularly concentrated in tissues of the nervous system. Gangliosides form part of the immunological identity of mammalian cells and are involved in a variety of cell-surface phenomena such as cell-substrate binding and receptor functions. In tumorous tissue, the ganglioside composition is altered, sometimes in direct proportion to the degree of malignancy. The literature on the glycosphingolipid composition and immunology of intracranial tumors is reviewed. Some gangliosides induce neuritogenesis and exhibit a trophic effect on nerve cells grown in vitro. In vivo , a particular ganglioside, GM 1 , reduces cerebral edema and accelerates recovery from injury (traumatic and ischemic) to the peripheral and central nervous systems of laboratory animals. Preliminary clinical studies have shown that treatment with gangliosides may have corresponding effects on lesions of the human peripheral nervous system. Gangliosides have not been tested in human subjects with brain injury.
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