X射线光电子能谱
烧结
材料科学
电导率
电解质
掺杂剂
晶界
兴奋剂
分析化学(期刊)
化学工程
无机化学
微观结构
化学
冶金
电极
物理化学
光电子学
色谱法
工程类
作者
Zaheer Ud Din Babar,Muhammad Bilal Hanif,Lin Xing,Jiu-Tao Gao,Michał Mosiałek,Chang-Jiu Li
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.094
摘要
Proton-conducting electrolytes with high conductivity and long-term stability, achievable at low sintering temperatures, are of paramount importance. In this study, we investigate the impact of Cu doping on the sintering mechanism, electrical performance, and stability of BaCe0.7Zr0.1Dy0.2-xO3-δ (BCZD) electrolyte. The morphology, composition, structure, and chemical state of BCZD electrolytes were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Remarkably, the sintering temperature of BCZD is reduced to 1200 °C through Cu doping Furthermore, the introduction of Cu as a dopant induces Ba exsolution from the BCZD crystal lattice alongside the generation of oxygen vacancies. XPS measurements confirmed that vacancy concentrations increase with increasing Cu doping concentrations. However, as the Cu content surpasses 2 mol%, the exsoluted Cu reacts with Ba, leading to the formation of BaCuO2. Accumulation of BaCuO2 at the grain boundaries adversely affects the conductivity and stability of Cu-doped BCZD, in a humidified atmosphere where it exhibits significant instability. Notably, BCZD with 2 mol% Cu content demonstrates a conductivity of 2.7 × 10-2 S cm−1 and maintains stability for up to 420 h in the H2/3%H2O atmosphere at 600 °C. In contrast, BCZD with 5 mol% Cu content exhibits a conductivity of 1.9 × 10-2 S cm−1 at 600 °C but experiences continuous degradation in a humidified atmosphere, ultimately leading to failure within 30 h. The 2 % Cu-doped BCZD exhibits high conductivity and stability at intermediate temperatures, rendering it highly suitable for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) applications.
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