Multi-Stage Planning of Distribution Network With High Penetration Renewable Energy Considering Reliability Index

In this study, a multi-stage planning model of the distribution network with high photovoltaic (PV) penetration considering operational reliability is presented. The operation reliability cost consisting of three modified reliability indices is imposed in the objective function in the proposed distribution systems planning model. Additionally, the distribution network reconfiguration including microgrid is considered at the opera-tion level to improve system operation reliability. Nonlinear ex-pressions of modified reliability indices aggravate the complexity of the proposed planning model. To address the computational burden, the planning model is simplified as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model, which have an efficient computational behavior with exiting MILP solvers. The benefits of imposing operation reliability cost in the objective function and network reconfiguration including microgrid as operation strategies, are discussed. The effectiveness of the proposed model is tested by numerical results.