Preparation of low-cost sludge-based highly porous biochar for efficient removal of refractory pollutants from agrochemical and pharmaceutical wastewater

Producing a high-performance sludge biochar through a feasible method is a great challenge and is crucial for practicability. Herein, we reported a highly porous sludge biochar synthesized from agrochemical-pharmaceutical and municipal sludge blends through a novel pyrolysis-acid treatment-post pyrolysis method. The optimized biochar named ASMS91 obtained interconnected pores with a total pore volume of 0.894 cm