Aberrant Functional Connectivity and Brain Network Organization in High-Schizotypy Individuals: An Electroencephalography Study

分裂型 脑电图 心理学 静息状态功能磁共振成像 神经科学 精神分裂症(面向对象编程) 中心性 大脑活动与冥想 精神病 阿尔法(金融) 默认模式网络 β节律 断开 功能连接 认知心理学 认知 发展心理学 精神科 心理测量学 法学 组合数学 结构效度 数学 政治学
作者
Jelena Trajkovic,Giulia Ricci,Gabriele Pirazzini,Luca Tarasi,Francesco Di Gregorio,Elisa Magosso,Mauro Ursino,Vincenzo Romei
出处
期刊:Schizophrenia Bulletin [Oxford University Press]
标识
DOI:10.1093/schbul/sbaf004
摘要

Abstract Background and Hypothesis Oscillatory synchrony plays a crucial role in establishing functional connectivity across distinct brain regions. Within the realm of schizophrenia, suggested to be a neuropsychiatric disconnection syndrome, discernible aberrations arise in the organization of brain networks. We aim to investigate whether the resting-state functional network is already altered in healthy individuals with high schizotypy traits, highlighting the pivotal influence of brain rhythms in driving brain network alterations. Study Design Two-minute resting-state electroencephalography recordings were conducted on healthy participants with low and high schizotypy scores. Subsequently, spectral Granger causality was used to compute functional connectivity in theta, alpha, beta, and gamma frequency bands, and graph theory metrics were employed to assess global and local brain network features. Study Results Results highlighted that high-schizotypy individuals exhibit a lower local efficiency in theta and alpha frequencies and a decreased global efficiency across theta, alpha, and beta frequencies. Moreover, high schizotypy is characterized by a lower nodes’ centrality and a frequency-specific decrease of functional connectivity, with a reduced top-down connectivity mostly in slower frequencies and a diminished bottom-up connectivity in faster rhythms. Conclusions These results show that healthy individuals with a higher risk of developing psychosis exhibit a less efficient functional brain organization, coupled with a systematic decrease in functional connectivity impacting both bottom-up and top-down processing. These frequency-specific network alterations provide robust support for the dimensional model of schizophrenia, highlighting distinctive neurophysiological signatures in high-schizotypy individuals.
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