Innovative Strategies to Enhance mRNA Vaccine Delivery and Effectiveness: Mechanisms and Future Outlook

Abstract: The creation of mRNA vaccines has transformed the area of vaccination and allowed for the production of COVID-19 vaccines with previously unheard-of speed and effectiveness. The development of novel strategies to enhance the delivery and efficiency of mRNA vaccines has been motivated by the ongoing constraints of the present mRNA vaccine delivery systems. In this context, intriguing methods to get beyond these restrictions include lipid nanoparticles, self-amplifying RNA, electroporation, microneedles, and cell-targeted administration. These innovative methods could increase the effectiveness, safety, and use of mRNA vaccines, making them more efficient, effective, and broadly available. Additionally, mRNA technology may have numerous and far-reaching uses in the field of medicine, opening up fresh avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of disease. This paper gives an overview of the existing drawbacks of mRNA vaccine delivery techniques, the creative solutions created to address these drawbacks, and their prospective public health implications. The development of mRNA vaccines for illnesses other than infectious diseases and creating scalable and affordable manufacturing processes are some of the future directions for research in this area that are covered in this paper.