Development of co‐electrospun membrane composed poly(l‐co‐d,l‐lactic acid) and natural rubber with potential application in dermal dressing

Abstract Wound healing represents a global challenge for the healthcare system, resulting in substantial costs and physical and emotional impacts on individuals. There is an increasing demand for innovative alternatives to treat this condition. The co‐electrospinning technique enables the production of porous membrane composed of natural and synthetic polymers, which exhibit unique functions and adjustable mechanical properties that assist in the tissue healing process. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the physical–chemical, mechanical, and biological properties of membrane composed of poly( l ‐co‐ d,l ‐lactic acid) (PLDLA) co‐electrospun with different concentrations of natural rubber (NR) (1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5%). Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed the porous surface of the membranes. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of NR in the material. The low Young's modulus obtained in the mechanical tensile test for the PLDLA membrane co‐electrospun with 1.5% NR indicated its elastic capacity under low tension. The results corroborate with the differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis, which highlights the compatibility between polymers at this specific proportion, as well as in vitro biocompatibility. The findings underscore the potential of PLDLA and NR co‐electrospun membranes as promising candidates for formulating biomaterials for applications such as dermal dressings.