High Carbonization Temperature to Trigger Enzyme Mimicking Activities of Silk‐Derived Nanosheets

Abstract Herein, it is demonstrated that N‐rich carbonized silk fibroin materials (CSFs) can serve as efficient peroxidase, and oxidase mimics. Their enzyme‐like activities are highly dependent on carbonization conditions. CSFs obtained at low temperatures do not exhibit significant catalytic reactivity, while their enzyme‐like catalysis performance is greatly activated after high‐temperature treatment. Such a phenomenon is mainly ascribed to the increase of graphitization degree and graphitic nitrogen and the emergence of disordered graphitic structures during the formation of turbostratic carbon. In addition, inspired by the excellent photothermal conversion efficiency, and temperature‐dependent catalytic behavior of CSFs, near‐infrared light can be used to remotely control their enzyme‐like activities. More importantly, as‐prepared robust silk‐derived nanosheets can be applied to photothermal‐catalytic cancer therapy and sensing. It is believed that such a smart artificial enzyme system will throw up exciting new opportunities for the chemical industry and biotechnology.