Multiscale Porous Carbon Nanomaterials for Applications in Advanced Rechargeable Batteries

Abstract The Construction of advanced electrode materials can push the boundaries of electrochemical performance of energy storage devices and accordingly open up a booming energy storage market. Typically, porous carbon is one of the most widely used materials in the field of batteries due to its attractive properties including large porosity, high electronic mobility, good mechanical strength and chemical stability, and ultrahigh specific surface area. This review focuses on diverse synthetic methods of multiscale porous carbon nanomaterials including direct carbonization, electrospinning, puffing, hydrothermal methods, and chemical vapor deposition, with and without templates, as well as their applications in different rechargeable secondary batteries. We summarize different dimensional porous carbon (1D, 2D and 3D) with controlled pore sizes and analyze their formation mechanisms. Additionally, the structure‐activity relationship of multiscale porous carbon nanomaterials is reviewed in detail. Meanwhile, we propose general guidelines to fabricate multiscale porous carbon nanomaterials with large surface area and high conductivity. Finally, future prospects and development trends on the advanced multiscale porous carbon nanomaterials toward construction of next‐generation batteries are presented.