Chemical constituents isolated from the aerial parts of Helleborus cyclophyllus (A. Braun) Boiss. (Ranunculaceae), evaluation of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and virtual screening of molecular properties and bioactivity score

Chemical investigation of ethyl acetate extract from the aerial parts of Helleborus cyclophyllus (A.Braun) Boiss. led to the isolation of ten natural products, and their structures were identified to be: 2-deoxy-D-ribono-1,4-lactone (1), 2-O-feruloyl-L-malate (2), three flavonoids: quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (3), quercetin 3-O-6''-(3-hydroxy-3-methyl-gloutaryl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (4) and quercetin 3-O-(2‴-caffeoylsophoroside) (5), 6-O-caffeoyl-1-O-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), two ecdysteroids: 20-hydroxyecdysone (7) and polypodine B (8) and two bufadienolides: deglucohellebrin (9) and hellebrin (10), on the basis of MS and NMR spectra. This is the first report on the occurrence of compounds (2)-(6) in the genus Helleborus. The chemotaxonomic significance of these compounds was summarised. Bioactivity score, molecular and pharmacokinetic properties of the isolated compounds were calculated by online computer software program Molinspiration. Compounds showed promising bioactivity scores for drug targets. Moreover, some of the isolated phenolic compounds were tested for their antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. Tested compounds presented antioxidant ability correlated to the presence of the phenolic hydroxyl groups.