心理学
任务切换
事件相关电位
执行职能
工作记忆
年轻人
刺激(心理学)
负效应
认知
发展心理学
晚期阳性成分
任务(项目管理)
第3A页
错误相关否定性
脑电图
听力学
认知心理学
神经科学
扣带回前部
医学
管理
经济
作者
David Friedman,Doreen Nessler,Ray Johnson,Walter Ritter,Michael Bersick
标识
DOI:10.1080/13825580701533769
摘要
ABSTRACT Older adults have difficulty when executive control must be brought on line to coordinate ongoing behavior. To assess age-related alterations in executive processing, task-switching performance and event-related potential (ERP) activity were compared in young and older adults on switch, post-switch, pre-switch, and no-switch trials, ordered in demand for executive processes from greatest to least. In stimulus-locked averages for young adults, only switch trials elicited fronto-central P3 components, indicative of task-set attentional reallocation, whereas in older adults, three of the four trial types evinced frontal potentials. In response-locked averages, the amplitude of a medial frontal negativity (MFN), a component reflecting conflict monitoring and detection, increased as a function of executive demands in the ERPs of the young but not those of the older adults. These data suggest altered executive processing in older adults resulting in persistent recruitment of prefrontal processes for conditions that do not require them in the young.
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