亲爱的研友该休息了!由于当前在线用户较少,发布求助请尽量完整地填写文献信息,科研通机器人24小时在线,伴您度过漫漫科研夜!身体可是革命的本钱,早点休息,好梦!

Comparison of Energy Efficiency and Power Density in Pressure Retarded Osmosis and Reverse Electrodialysis

反向电渗析 渗透力 缓压渗透 海水淡化 正渗透 化学 盐度 卤水 功率密度 渗透 电渗析 渗透 反渗透 浓差极化 渗透压 化学工程 环境工程 环境科学 热力学 功率(物理) 有机化学 物理 工程类 生物 生物化学 生态学
作者
Ngai Yin Yip,Menachem Elimelech
出处
期刊:Environmental Science & Technology [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:48 (18): 11002-11012 被引量:196
标识
DOI:10.1021/es5029316
摘要

Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) and reverse electrodialysis (RED) are emerging membrane-based technologies that can convert chemical energy in salinity gradients to useful work. The two processes have intrinsically different working principles: controlled mixing in PRO is achieved by water permeation across salt-rejecting membranes, whereas RED is driven by ion flux across charged membranes. This study compares the energy efficiency and power density performance of PRO and RED with simulated technologically available membranes for natural, anthropogenic, and engineered salinity gradients (seawater-river water, desalination brine-wastewater, and synthetic hypersaline solutions, respectively). The analysis shows that PRO can achieve both greater efficiencies (54-56%) and higher power densities (2.4-38 W/m(2)) than RED (18-38% and 0.77-1.2 W/m(2)). The superior efficiency is attributed to the ability of PRO membranes to more effectively utilize the salinity difference to drive water permeation and better suppress the detrimental leakage of salts. On the other hand, the low conductivity of currently available ion exchange membranes impedes RED ion flux and, thus, constrains the power density. Both technologies exhibit a trade-off between efficiency and power density: employing more permeable but less selective membranes can enhance the power density, but undesired entropy production due to uncontrolled mixing increases and some efficiency is sacrificed. When the concentration difference is increased (i.e., natural → anthropogenic → engineered salinity gradients), PRO osmotic pressure difference rises proportionally but not so for RED Nernst potential, which has logarithmic dependence on the solution concentration. Because of this inherently different characteristic, RED is unable to take advantage of larger salinity gradients, whereas PRO power density is considerably enhanced. Additionally, high solution concentrations suppress the Donnan exclusion effect of the charged RED membranes, severely reducing the permselectivity and diminishing the energy conversion efficiency. This study indicates that PRO is more suitable to extract energy from a range of salinity gradients, while significant advancements in ion exchange membranes are likely necessary for RED to be competitive with PRO.
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
PDF的下载单位、IP信息已删除 (2025-6-4)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
3秒前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
10秒前
顺心蜜粉应助紧张的书本采纳,获得10
44秒前
今后应助echo采纳,获得10
44秒前
立夏完成签到,获得积分10
1分钟前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
1分钟前
lixuebin完成签到 ,获得积分10
2分钟前
gavin完成签到 ,获得积分10
2分钟前
腐竹完成签到,获得积分10
2分钟前
2分钟前
大气建辉完成签到 ,获得积分10
3分钟前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
3分钟前
3分钟前
3分钟前
5分钟前
杪夏二八完成签到 ,获得积分10
5分钟前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
5分钟前
5分钟前
科研通AI2S应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
5分钟前
义气雁完成签到 ,获得积分10
5分钟前
wodetaiyangLLL完成签到 ,获得积分10
5分钟前
5分钟前
6分钟前
6分钟前
Ava应助飞翔的企鹅采纳,获得10
6分钟前
6分钟前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
6分钟前
6分钟前
noob_发布了新的文献求助20
6分钟前
6分钟前
6分钟前
noob_完成签到,获得积分20
6分钟前
echo发布了新的文献求助10
6分钟前
founder发布了新的文献求助20
7分钟前
7分钟前
飞翔的企鹅完成签到,获得积分10
7分钟前
7分钟前
MchemG应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
7分钟前
MchemG应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
7分钟前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
8分钟前
高分求助中
A new approach to the extrapolation of accelerated life test data 1000
Picture Books with Same-sex Parented Families: Unintentional Censorship 700
ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 12th edition 500
Nucleophilic substitution in azasydnone-modified dinitroanisoles 500
不知道标题是什么 500
Indomethacinのヒトにおける経皮吸収 400
Phylogenetic study of the order Polydesmida (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) 370
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 冶金 细胞生物学 免疫学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3976665
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3520770
关于积分的说明 11204801
捐赠科研通 3257528
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1798733
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 877897
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 806629