Iridoids, Flavonoids and Monoterpene Glycosides from Galium verum subsp. verum

From the aerial parts of Galium verum subsp. verum L. were isolated 7 iridoid glycosides, asperuloside (1), asperulosidic acid (2), deacetyl-asperulosidic acid (3), monotropein (4), 6-O-epi-acetylscandoside (5), daphylloside (6) and deacetyl-daphylloside (7); 2 flavonol glycosides, astragalin [= kaempferol 3-O-b-glucopyranoside] (8) and rutin [= quercetin 3-O- rutinoside] (9); and 2 monoterpene glycosides, betulalbuside A (10) and (2E)-2,6-dimethyl-2,7-octadien-1,6-diol-6-O-b -glucopyranoside (11). The structures of the isolates were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy in combination with IR, UV and ESI-MS analysis.