Dynamic patterns of teachers’ professional development participation and their relations with socio-demographic characteristics, teacher self-efficacy, and job satisfaction

This study examined the dynamic patterns of teachers' participation in various topics of PD activities to better understand the individual differences in PD experience of teachers. Using Teaching and Learning International Survey 2018 U.S. data (n = 2411), we conducted a latent class analysis and identified five distinct profiles. Moreover, we found that these profiles were associated with teachers' socio-demographics as well as their self-efficacy and job satisfaction. This study adds to the literature by providing a more nuanced understanding of teachers' PD experience and highlights the importance of supporting teachers to participate in various topics of PD.