An updated review on chemical constituents from Nicotiana tabacum L.: Chemical diversity and pharmacological properties

Nicotiana tabacum L., also termed tobacco, has been recognized as an economic industrial crop with important commercial value. N. tabacum has been traditionally used for medical and recreational purposes. Previous phytochemical investigations of N. tabacum have led to the discovery of more than 2500 types of specialized metabolites, some of which have shown high potential in the development of medicines and agrochemicals. To update the latest studies of the important chemical compositions of N. tabacum, detailed literature retrieval was conducted in Web of Science™. As a result, 82 references closely related to the chemical compositions in N. tabacum were indexed and selected. The present review describes 170 specialized metabolites, newly discovered from N. tabacum between 2011 and 2022, which are categorized into terpenoids, isoindolin and quinoline alkaloids, benzofuran derivatives, coumarins, flavones, other chromone derivatives, lignan derivatives, phenylpropanoids, and other phenolic compounds. The emphasis is on the diversified structures of these compounds, together with their relevant pharmacological properties, including anti-TMV, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities. Additionally, several "star molecules" naturally derived from this species, which possess promising potential as candidates for new drug leads and/or agrochemicals, are also presented herein.